Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and hypertransaminasemia

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Infectious Diseases
• Hepatology

Background:

• Bronchiolitis is a frequent lower respiratory tract infection in infants, primarily caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
• RSV infections are typically characterized by respiratory symptoms but can present with extra-pulmonary manifestations.
• Elevated transaminase levels, indicative of liver injury, are rarely reported in conjunction with RSV infections.

Observation:

• This paper details three pediatric cases of bronchiolitis attributed to RSV.
• All three children presented with clinically diagnosed RSV bronchiolitis.
• Each case exhibited transiently elevated serum transaminase levels.

Findings:

• The findings suggest a potential link between RSV bronchiolitis and temporary liver enzyme elevation in children.
• The observed transaminase elevations were transitory, resolving without specific intervention for the liver condition.
• This case series expands the understanding of RSV's potential extra-pulmonary effects.

Implications:

• Clinicians should consider monitoring liver function in children with severe RSV bronchiolitis.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanism of RSV-induced liver injury.
• Recognizing these extra-pulmonary manifestations can aid in comprehensive patient management.