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Sexualizing Media Use and Self-Objectification: A Meta-Analysis.

Kathrin Karsay1, Johannes Knoll1, Jörg Matthes1

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Summary

Exposure to sexualizing media moderately increases self-objectification in both women and men. Video games and online media showed stronger effects than television, highlighting the impact of media type on objectified self-concept.

Keywords:
body imagemedia usemeta-analysisself-objectification

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Media Studies
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Objectification theory posits that media exposure influences self-objectification.
  • Research on the link between sexualizing media and self-objectification is growing.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for mental health and societal well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analytically investigate the influence of sexualizing media use on self-objectification.
  • To examine potential moderating effects of media type, sample, and study characteristics.
  • To synthesize existing research and identify implications for future studies and practice.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of 54 papers, comprising 50 independent studies and 261 effect sizes.
  • Quantitative synthesis of correlational and experimental data.
  • Analysis of conditional effects based on media type and other characteristics.

Main Results:

  • A significant, moderate positive effect (r = .19) of sexualizing media exposure on self-objectification was found.
  • The effect was robust across studies, with a 95% confidence interval of [.15, .23].
  • Video games and online media use demonstrated stronger associations with self-objectification compared to television.

Conclusions:

  • Sexualizing media exposure significantly impacts self-objectification in both men and women.
  • Media type plays a conditional role, with digital platforms showing a greater effect.
  • Findings underscore the need for critical media literacy and mindful media consumption, especially for young individuals.