Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026
16:40
A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation
Published on: February 28, 2012
26.9K
Tonal Symmetry Induces Fluency and Sense of Well-Formedness.
Fuqiang Qiao1, Fenfen Sun2, Fengying Li3
1School of Education and Psychology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.
Frontiers in Psychology
|March 13, 2018
Summary
Faster perception, or fluency, significantly impacts grammaticality judgments in artificial grammar learning (AGL). Implicit learning of tonal symmetry enhances this fluency, influencing how we perceive grammatical correctness.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Artificial Grammar Learning (AGL)
- Auditory Perception
Background:
- Fluency is known to affect grammaticality judgments in visual artificial grammar learning (AGL).
- Symmetry is a potential factor influencing fluency, but its effect may differ between visual and auditory stimuli.
- The computational differences between visual and auditory processing necessitate investigation into auditory fluency effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if manipulating perceptual fluency by altering the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) affects grammaticality judgments of tonal strings.
- To examine how symmetry-based fluency influences these judgments in an auditory AGL context.
- To determine if implicit learning of tonal symmetry enhances fluency and impacts grammaticality assessments.
Main Methods:
- Experiment 1: Participants rated tonal strings presented with varying ISIs (fluency manipulation) for preference, serving as a fluency measure.
- Experiment 2: Participants made grammaticality judgments on tonal strings after incidental training on tonal symmetry, with manipulated ISIs.
- Objective manipulation of fluency through inter-stimulus interval (ISI) adjustments in auditory string perception.
Main Results:
- Shorter ISIs (increased fluency) led to higher preference ratings for tonal strings in Experiment 1.
- Symmetry alone did not significantly affect preference without prior training.
- In Experiment 2, both symmetry and ISI influenced grammaticality judgments, with a significant interaction.
- Asymmetric strings were judged as more grammatical when presented with shorter ISIs (higher fluency) after training.
Conclusions:
- Objective perceptual speed (fluency) directly influences grammaticality judgments in auditory AGL.
- Implicit learning of tonal symmetry enhances perceived fluency.
- Fluency, particularly when induced by speed and potentially modulated by learned symmetry, serves as a basis for grammaticality judgments.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Symmetry
226
The equation of an ellipse centered at the origin defines all points whose distances from the center maintain a constant ratio between the horizontal and vertical axes. This equation results in a smooth, closed curve that extends further along the x-axis than the y-axis, giving it a horizontal orientation. Such an ellipse demonstrates three kinds of symmetry: across the x-axis, across the y-axis, and about the origin. These symmetries are essential in understanding the graph's structure and...
226
01:27Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry
9.6K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
9.6K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
56.2K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.2K
01:28Symmetry in Maxwell's Equations
4.2K
Once the fields have been calculated using Maxwell's four equations, the Lorentz force equation gives the force that the fields exert on a charged particle moving with a certain velocity. The Lorentz force equation combines the force of the electric field and of the magnetic field on the moving charge. Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force law together encompass all the laws of electricity and magnetism. The symmetry that Maxwell introduced into his mathematical framework may not be...
4.2K
01:26Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry
9.4K
A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
9.4K
01:20Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry
9.5K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
9.5K