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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Structural and effective connectivity in focal epilepsy.

Christopher S Parker1, Jonathan D Clayden2, M Jorge Cardoso3

  • 1Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Developmental Imaging and Biophysics Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|March 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that brain networks in epilepsy patients show significant overlap between structural and effective connectivity. These connections, particularly from the seizure onset zone, may explain how seizures spread non-contiguously.

Keywords:
Cortico-cortical evoked potentialDiffusion MRI tractographyEpilepsyGraph theoryIntracranial EEGSeizure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epileptology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Medically-refractory focal epilepsy may necessitate neurosurgery and intracranial EEG for seizure localization.
  • Single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) elicits cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) to map effective brain connectivity.
  • Diffusion imaging and tractography estimate structural brain connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze CCEPs and diffusion tractography in focal epilepsy patients.
  • To reconstruct and compare effective and structural brain networks.
  • To investigate seizure onset zone connectivity and mechanisms of non-contiguous seizure spread.

Main Methods:

  • Reconstruction of effective brain networks using CCEPs derived from SPES.
  • Estimation of structural brain networks via diffusion-weighted imaging and tractography.
  • Analysis of network overlap, connectivity at the ictal-onset zone, and spread patterns in seven epilepsy patients.

Main Results:

  • Significant overlap was found between structural and effective brain networks.
  • The ictal-onset zone exhibited higher CCEP amplitude, baseline variation, and outward connectivity.
  • Structural connection strength tended to be higher within the ictal-onset zone.
  • Macroscopic structural and effective connections are plausible routes for non-contiguous seizure spread.

Conclusions:

  • Hyperexcitable cortex is associated with seizure generation.
  • The findings support the role of interconnected brain networks in focal epilepsy.
  • Structural and effective connectivity patterns offer insights into seizure propagation mechanisms.