Grape seed extract attenuates dexamethasone-induced testicular and thyroid dysfunction in male albino rats

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology and Toxicology
• Reproductive Biology
• Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

• Dexamethasone (DEX) is known to induce oxidative stress, leading to testicular and thyroid dysfunction.
• Understanding the protective mechanisms against drug-induced endocrine disruption is crucial for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the ameliorative effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on DEX-induced testicular and thyroid dysfunction in male albino rats.
• To evaluate the impact of GSE on oxidative stress markers and histological changes in the testes.

Main Methods:

• Male albino rats were divided into four groups: control, DEX-induced dysfunction, and DEX with two different doses of GSE.
• Evaluated body weight gain, testes weight, plasma testosterone, thyroid profile, and testicular antioxidant enzymes (G-6-PDH, GSH, CAT).
• Histopathological examination of testicular tissues was performed to assess cellular damage.

Main Results:

• DEX treatment significantly reduced body weight gain, testes weight, plasma testosterone, and thyroid hormone levels.
• Significant alterations in testicular antioxidant enzymes and increased oxidative stress were observed in the DEX group.
• GSE administration (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly attenuated DEX-induced adverse effects, improved antioxidant status, and reversed testicular histological damage.

Conclusions:

• Grape seed extract exhibits significant protective properties against dexamethasone-induced testicular and thyroid dysfunction.
• GSE effectively mitigates oxidative stress and improves testicular health, suggesting its therapeutic potential in managing drug-induced endocrine and reproductive issues.