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Control Banding Tools for Engineered Nanoparticles: What the Practitioner Needs to Know.

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Control banding (CB) tools offer guidance for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) exposure control. Evaluation showed most CB tools recommend stringent controls, with local exhaust ventilation as a minimum requirement.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Nanomaterial Safety
  • Risk Assessment

Background:

  • Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) require exposure control strategies in the absence of specific occupational exposure limits (OELs).
  • Control banding (CB) is a recommended approach, but ENM-specific CB tools need systematic evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify data inputs for CB tools.
  • To compare guidance from eight ENM-specific CB tools.
  • To evaluate CB tool recommendations for six different ENMs.

Main Methods:

  • Compared data inputs and guidance from eight CB tools.
  • Evaluated tools using six ENMs: silica, titanium dioxide, silver, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and cellulose.
  • Assumed a constant handling/use scenario for evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Several CB tools recommended the highest exposure control level, primarily due to hazard banding.
  • Dustiness influenced exposure banding in many tools, but classification guidance was often lacking.
  • Tools recommending diverse controls based on hazard and dustiness showed better data utilization, though validation is needed.

Conclusions:

  • Local exhaust ventilation was universally recommended as a minimum control for ENMs.
  • CB tools generally suggested control levels comparable to or more stringent than proposed ENM OELs.
  • CB tools provide prudent exposure control guidance, especially when data are limited.