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Related Concept Videos

Beams01:30

Beams

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Beams are integral components of structural engineering and construction, designed to support loads applied at various points along their length. These long, straight members can be classified based on geometry, cross-section, support type, and equilibrium condition.
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Accurately determining beam deflection and slope under various loading conditions in structural engineering is crucial for ensuring safety and structural integrity. Singularity functions offer a streamlined approach to analyzing beams, especially when multiple loading functions complicate the bending moment equation.
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Phase Diagrams02:39

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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Prismatic Beams: Problem Solving01:15

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In the design of a supported timber beam subjected to a distributed load, both the beam's physical dimensions and the timber's characteristics, such as its grade and species, are critical. These factors determine the allowable stress values, which are crucial for calculating the necessary beam depth to ensure structural integrity and safety.
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Principal Stresses in a Beam01:11

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In prismatic beams subject to arbitrary transverse loading, It is essential to analyze the interaction between shear forces and bending moments in order to understand stress distribution and ensure structural integrity. The highest normal or bending stress occurs at the outer fibers of the beam, decreasing linearly to zero at the neutral axis. In contrast, shear stress peaks at the neutral axis and diminishes toward the outer surfaces.
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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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High-quality laser beam diagnostics using modified coherent phase modulation imaging.

Xiaoliang He, Hua Tao, Xingchen Pan

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Coherent modulation imaging (CMI) noise is reduced by a modified optical setup and algorithm. This enhances laser beam diagnostics accuracy and spatial resolution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Coherent modulation imaging (CMI) is valuable for real-time laser beam diagnostics.
    • Speckle noise in CMI reconstructions degrades spatial resolution and measurement accuracy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To improve the performance of CMI for laser beam diagnostics.
    • To reduce speckle noise in CMI reconstructions.

    Main Methods:

    • Modified the optical setup of CMI by adding a second detector.
    • Enhanced the CMI reconstruction algorithm with additional intensity distribution data.
    • Strengthened the intensity constraint of the common CMI algorithm.

    Main Results:

    • Significantly reduced speckle noise in reconstructed images.
    • Markedly improved spatial resolution of laser beam diagnostics.
    • Enhanced the overall measurement accuracy of CMI.

    Conclusions:

    • The modified CMI technique effectively reduces speckle noise.
    • The improved CMI offers superior laser beam diagnostics with higher accuracy and resolution.
    • Proof-of-principle experiments validated the proposed method's feasibility.