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Implicit drinker identity influences actual alcohol consumption, while explicit identity affects attitudes toward drinking. This study differentiates how conscious and unconscious self-perceptions impact in-the-moment drinking behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Identity as a 'drinker' is linked to increased alcohol harm and consumption.
  • Previous research used explicit and implicit measures, but few studied in-the-moment behavior.
  • The direct comparison of implicit and explicit drinker identities on behavior is under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential impact of implicit and explicit drinker identities on alcohol-related attitudes and behaviors.
  • To compare the predictive power of implicit versus explicit drinker identities on actual consumption.
  • To examine the relationship between identity measures and behavioral enactment in a controlled setting.

Main Methods:

  • Measured implicit and explicit drinker identities in 40 participants.
  • Assessed explicit attitudes towards personal drinking.
  • Utilized a Pouring Taste Preference Task (PTPT) for behavioral measures of pouring and consumption of non-alcoholic wine.

Main Results:

  • An interaction between implicit and explicit identities affected attitudes and behavior.
  • Explicit identity predicted attitudes, but not behavioral enactment (pouring or consumption).
  • Implicit identity predicted actual alcohol consumption, particularly when explicit identity was low.

Conclusions:

  • Explicit drinker identity relates more to conscious beliefs than behavioral intention or enactment.
  • Implicit drinker identity directly influences actual, in-the-moment drinking behavior.
  • Reflective (explicit) and impulsive (implicit) identities have distinct effects on behavior.