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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
Temporomandibular disorders and mandibular vertical asymmetry
Luz V Mendoza-García1,2, Irene A Espinosa de Santillana3, Victor Hernández Vidal4
1a School of Dentistry, Universitat de Valencia , Valencia , Spain.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the association between mandibular vertical asymmetry and the presence of TMD in adult patients. Methods This case-control study recruited patients from the orthodontic clinic at FEBUAP. Patients were classified on the basis of diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). Panoramic radiographs were measured to determine mandibular vertical asymmetry indices according to criteria described by Kjellberg and Habets. Both methods (DC/TMD and index criteria) were standardized a priori. Results A total of 56 patients were analyzed, of whom 25 (44.6%) met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups (TMD group, n = 15; non-TMD group, n = 10). The highest asymmetry index was observed in the condylar neck, followed by the total condylar asymmetry index, but without significant differences between groups (p > .05). Conclusion There is no association (p > .05) between temporomandibular disorders and mandibular vertical asymmetry.
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