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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
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Toward Generating More Diagnostic Features from Photoplethysmogram Waveforms.

Mohamed Elgendi1,2,3, Yongbo Liang4, Rabab Ward5

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V1Y 1T3, Canada. moe.elgendi@gmail.com.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study standardizes photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveform terminology. Consistent naming will accelerate research and feature extraction from PPG signals for medical applications.

Keywords:
blood pressure estimationclinical parametersdigital healthglobal healthmobile healthphotoplethysmographypulse oximeter

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals from pulse oximeters are valuable for non-invasive health screening.
  • PPG signal analysis is an emerging field with significant potential for remote patient monitoring and global health.
  • Current research faces challenges due to inconsistent terminology in PPG waveform analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To organize and standardize the nomenclature of photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveforms.
  • To facilitate consistent terminology across different disciplines studying PPG signals.
  • To promote rapid advancements in PPG signal analysis and feature extraction.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on PPG waveform characteristics.
  • Proposal of a standardized naming convention for common PPG waveform features.
  • Comparative analysis of proposed terminology against current practices.

Main Results:

  • A proposed standardized set of names for PPG waveforms.
  • Identification of key features within PPG signals for clinical parameter estimation.
  • Demonstration of how standardized terminology can enhance interdisciplinary communication.

Conclusions:

  • Standardizing PPG waveform names is crucial for the field's progression.
  • Consistent terminology will reduce ambiguity and foster innovation in PPG-based diagnostics.
  • This effort aims to unlock the full potential of PPG signals for widespread medical applications.