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Electrical double layer modulation of hybrid room temperature ionic liquid/aqueous buffer interface for enhanced

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Room temperature ionic liquids enhance biosensor performance in human sweat by stabilizing antibodies. Choline dihydrogen phosphate showed superior results for detecting biomarkers like Interleukin-6 and cortisol.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Affinity-based immunochemical biosensors are crucial for detecting biomarkers in human sweat.
  • Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) offer unique properties for biosensing applications.
  • Understanding the role of ionic liquid moieties in biosensor performance is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of kosmotropic and chaotropic ionic liquid moieties in enhancing biosensor performance in human sweat.
  • To evaluate the stabilizing effect of ionic liquids on antibody capture probes using zeta potential measurements.
  • To develop and analyze a non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy model for biosensing at an ionic liquid-aqueous sweat interface.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two RTILs: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM[BF4]) and choline dihydrogen phosphate (Choline[DHP]).
  • Employed non-faradaic interfacial charge transfer and zeta potential measurements to assess antibody stability.
  • Applied non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy equivalent circuit model analysis for biosensing.
  • Detected biomarkers Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cortisol in human sweat.

Main Results:

  • Choline[DHP] demonstrated a greater protein stabilizing effect, consistent with its kosotropic nature.
  • Zeta potential measurements confirmed enhanced antibody stability due to electrostatic repulsion from RTIL moieties, preventing aggregation.
  • Achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2 pg/mL for IL-6 and 0.1 ng/mL for cortisol.
  • Ionic liquids improved sensitivity and LOD compared to aqueous buffers, with Choline[DHP] showing better IL-6 detection and BMIM[BF4] showing no cross-reactivity for cortisol.

Conclusions:

  • RTILs, particularly kosotropic ones like Choline[DHP], significantly enhance the performance of affinity-based immunochemical biosensors in human sweat.
  • The choice of ionic liquid impacts biosensor stability and detection limits for specific biomarkers.
  • The developed non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy model provides a robust framework for analyzing biosensing at hybrid electrode/ionic liquid-aqueous sweat interfaces.