Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

54.4K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
54.4K
GPCR Desensitization01:12

GPCR Desensitization

8.2K
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
8.2K
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

4.5K
A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
4.5K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

16.3K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
16.3K
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

60.2K
Overview
60.2K
What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

129.8K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
129.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multimodal Fusion of Intraoperative FLIm and Preoperative PET/CT for Patient-Level Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Head and Neck Cancer.

Cancers·2026
Same author

HDAC10 suppresses anti-tumour immunity by inhibiting ILF3-CXCL9 axis to block CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation in bladder cancer.

Cancer letters·2026
Same author

The heat-ramp method to study regulated cell death in a pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans.

Methods in cell biology·2026
Same author

Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 dynamics in native male arterial myocytes.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

From Self-Esteem and Academic Performance to Anxiety: A Cross-Lagged Study of Chinese First-Generation College Students.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Tirzepatide Regulates Pacemaker Function by Modulating cAMP and Calcium Dynamics in Human Sinoatrial Node Cells.

Circulation·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

G Protein-selective GPCR Conformations Measured Using FRET Sensors in a Live Cell Suspension Fluorometer Assay
09:12

G Protein-selective GPCR Conformations Measured Using FRET Sensors in a Live Cell Suspension Fluorometer Assay

Published on: September 10, 2016

10.1K

Functionally distinct and selectively phosphorylated GPCR subpopulations co-exist in a single cell.

Ao Shen1, Madeline Nieves-Cintron1, Yawen Deng1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Nature Communications
|March 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) like the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) have distinct phosphorylation patterns. These patterns determine receptor location and function, influencing neuronal signaling.

More Related Videos

Imaging Calcium Dynamics in Subpopulations of Mouse Pancreatic Islet Cells
08:03

Imaging Calcium Dynamics in Subpopulations of Mouse Pancreatic Islet Cells

Published on: November 26, 2019

9.0K
An Optimized Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assay for Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation
07:45

An Optimized Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assay for Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation

Published on: June 6, 2022

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

G Protein-selective GPCR Conformations Measured Using FRET Sensors in a Live Cell Suspension Fluorometer Assay
09:12

G Protein-selective GPCR Conformations Measured Using FRET Sensors in a Live Cell Suspension Fluorometer Assay

Published on: September 10, 2016

10.1K
Imaging Calcium Dynamics in Subpopulations of Mouse Pancreatic Islet Cells
08:03

Imaging Calcium Dynamics in Subpopulations of Mouse Pancreatic Islet Cells

Published on: November 26, 2019

9.0K
An Optimized Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assay for Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation
07:45

An Optimized Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assay for Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation

Published on: June 6, 2022

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial for cellular signaling and involved in various physiological processes and diseases.
  • Activated GPCRs, such as the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR), can be phosphorylated by G protein receptor kinases (GRKs) and protein kinase A (PKA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatially segregated subpopulations of β2AR undergoing selective phosphorylation by GRKs or PKA within a single cell.
  • To determine the functional consequences of distinct β2AR phosphorylation events on receptor localization and neuronal activity.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of β2AR phosphorylation by GRKs and PKA in single cells.
  • Analysis of β2AR localization in hippocampal neurons using microscopy.
  • Assessment of the impact of PKA-phosphorylated β2ARs on L-type calcium channel activity.

Main Results:

  • GRK phosphorylation targets monomeric β2ARs for endocytosis, while PKA phosphorylation modifies dimeric β2ARs that remain at the cell surface.
  • In hippocampal neurons, PKA-phosphorylated β2ARs are found in dendrites, whereas GRK-phosphorylated β2ARs are localized to the soma.
  • PKA-phosphorylated β2ARs are essential for enhancing L-type calcium channel activity.

Conclusions:

  • Functionally distinct subpopulations of β2AR exist within a single cell, differentiated by their phosphorylation status.
  • Selective phosphorylation dictates β2AR trafficking and localization, impacting neuronal function.
  • This study provides novel insights into the complex regulation of GPCR signaling.