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Ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning.

Heikki J Nieminen1,2, Ivo Laidmäe3,4, Ari Salmi5

  • 1Electronics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. heikki.j.nieminen@aalto.fi.

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|March 15, 2018
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This study introduces ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning, an orifice-less technique for creating polymeric nanofibers. This method allows for precise control over nanofiber properties without chemical additives, enabling tailored applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Electrospinning is a common method for producing polymeric nanofibers for applications like drug delivery and tissue engineering.
  • Traditional electrospinning faces challenges including needle clogging and limited control over fiber properties without chemical modifications.
  • There is a need for advanced techniques to overcome these limitations and enable precise fabrication of nanofibers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate an orifice-less electrospinning technique utilizing high-intensity focused ultrasound.
  • To investigate the ability to control nanofiber topography and properties through ultrasound manipulation.
  • To explore the potential of ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning for creating tailor-made nanofibers for specific applications.

Main Methods:

  • The study employed high-intensity focused ultrasound to generate a liquid protrusion and Taylor cone from a polyethylene oxide solution.
  • A high negative voltage was applied to charge the polymer solution, initiating nanofiber jetting from the protrusion tip.
  • Nanofibers were collected on an electrically grounded target positioned at a fixed distance.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning successfully produced polymeric nanofibers without the need for a traditional needle or orifice.
  • Controlling ultrasound characteristics allowed for physical modification of nanofiber topography without chemical intervention.
  • The technique demonstrated the ability to create nanofibers with spatially varying thickness and mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning offers a novel, orifice-less approach to producing polymeric nanofibers with tunable properties.
  • This technique overcomes limitations of conventional electrospinning, providing precise control over nanofiber characteristics through physical means.
  • The developed method holds significant promise for applications in controlled-release pharmaceuticals and advanced biomedical scaffolds with tailored gradients.