Evodiamine activates cellular apoptosis through suppressing PI3K/AKT and activating MAPK in glioma

Rong Wang1,2, Danni Deng2, Naiyuan Shao1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Abstract

Insights

Evodiamine (Evo) effectively inhibits glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. This natural compound shows promise as a novel therapeutic agent for treating this aggressive brain cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis.
  • Current treatments, including radiotherapy and temozolomide, offer limited improvements.
  • Novel therapeutic agents are urgently needed for GBM treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-tumor effects of evodiamine (Evo) on GBM cells.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying Evo's anti-cancer activity in GBM.

Main Methods:

  • MTT assays were used to assess cell proliferation inhibition.
  • Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyzed Evo-induced apoptosis.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated.
  • Western blotting assessed signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT, MAPK) and apoptotic protein expression.

Main Results:

  • Evodiamine significantly inhibited GBM cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
  • Evo induced apoptosis, increased ROS production, and disrupted MMP in GBM cells.
  • Evo suppressed PI3K/AKT signaling, activated MAPK (p38, JNK), and modulated apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, Cytochrome c, Caspase-3, PARP).

Conclusions:

  • Evodiamine exhibits anti-tumor activity against GBM by inducing apoptosis.
  • The mechanism involves PI3K/AKT pathway suppression and MAPK activation.
  • Evodiamine represents a potential new therapeutic strategy for GBM treatment.

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