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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

4.7K
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

16.3K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
33.9K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

2.2K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
2.2K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

32.6K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

9.5K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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Derivation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells
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Derivation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells

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Recent Progress in Stem Cell Modification for Cardiac Regeneration.

Heiko Lemcke1,2, Natalia Voronina1,2, Gustav Steinhoff1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy (RTC), University of Rostock, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany.

Stem Cells International
|March 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell therapy shows promise for heart repair but faces challenges in delivery and effectiveness. Engineering stem cells aims to improve their integration and regenerative capacity for better cardiac outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Stem cell-based therapy is a promising approach for regenerative medicine, particularly for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Despite preclinical success, clinical trials show limited improvement in cardiac regeneration due to issues like inefficient cell delivery, low retention, and weak effectiveness.
  • Various stem cell types, including adult, embryonic, and induced pluripotent stem cells, are being investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in stem cell engineering for cardiac regeneration.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing stem cell delivery and cardiac regenerative activity.
  • To address the limitations hindering effective stem cell therapy in cardiovascular disease treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical studies on stem cell therapy for cardiac regeneration.
  • Analysis of strategies for developing 'second-generation' stem cell products.
  • Examination of genetic and non-genetic modifications, preconditioning, and biomaterial applications.

Main Results:

  • Stem cell engineering strategies significantly enhance regenerative capacity.
  • Techniques like genetic modification, preconditioning, and biomaterials improve stem cell effectiveness.
  • Focus on facilitating cell delivery and promoting cardiac regenerative activity.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell engineering offers solutions to improve stem cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Enhanced stem cell products hold potential for more effective cardiac regeneration.
  • Continued research in stem cell engineering is crucial for clinical translation.