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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Published on: January 17, 2013

Learning alternative movement coordination patterns using reinforcement feedback.

Tzu-Hsiang Lin¹, Amber Denomme¹, Rajiv Ranganathan^2,3

¹Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, 308 W Circle Dr Rm 126, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.

Experimental Brain Research

|March 15, 2018

Summary

Learning new motor patterns is challenging. This study shows reinforcement effectively shifts coordination patterns, with abrupt reinforcement leading to better long-term retention for motor learning.

Keywords:

Adaptation Compensation Reaching Redundancy Trunk

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Area of Science:

Motor control and learning
Human motor system plasticity
Movement rehabilitation

Background:

The human motor system exhibits redundancy, allowing multiple coordination patterns for task achievement.
Understanding how individuals learn new coordination patterns after establishing a primary one is crucial but not well-understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the process of shifting coordination patterns using different reinforcement schedules.
To determine the effectiveness of abrupt versus gradual reinforcement in motor learning and retention.

Main Methods:

Two experiments involving a virtual reaching task were conducted.
Participants were reinforced to adopt coordination patterns with greater trunk motion.
Reinforcement schedules included immediate (abrupt) and progressive (gradual) introduction of a trunk motion threshold.

Main Results:

Both abrupt and gradual reinforcement effectively shifted coordination patterns towards increased trunk motion.
The abrupt reinforcement group demonstrated superior retention of the new coordination pattern after reinforcement removal.
Experiment 2 indicated this advantage stemmed from a higher number of practice trials with the desired pattern.

Conclusions:

Reinforcement is a viable strategy for modifying and shifting motor coordination patterns.
Abrupt reinforcement may enhance long-term motor learning and retention.
Findings have implications for rehabilitation strategies in movement disorders.