Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

241
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
241
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

14.4K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
14.4K
Aging01:26

Aging

801
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
801
Buffer Effectiveness02:19

Buffer Effectiveness

55.6K
Buffer solutions do not have an unlimited capacity to keep the pH relatively constant . Instead, the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH relies on the presence of appreciable amounts of its conjugate weak acid-base pair. When enough strong acid or base is added to substantially lower the concentration of either member of the buffer pair, the buffering action within the solution is compromised.
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added to a given volume...
55.6K
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.6K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.6K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

18.1K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
18.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inner retinal trauma from double-staining chromodissection.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026
Same author

Archetypal Visual Field Analysis of Patients With Chronic Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in Relation to Visual Recovery.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2026
Same author

Characterization of Inferior Rectus Muscle Action in Normal Subjects Using Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Orbit.

Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction·2026
Same author

LEBER HEREDITARY OPTIC NEUROPATHY: A CASE REPORT OF CONCURRENT RARE MITOCHONDRIAL MUTATIONS AND ABCA4 NUCLEAR GENE MUTATION.

Retinal cases & brief reports·2026
Same author

Comparing the Vitreous Floaters Functional Questionnaire to the VFQ-25 in Vision Degrading Myodesopsia from Vitreous Floaters.

American journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Effect of IOP-lowering treatment and Pentoxifylline on retrobulbar blood flow in normal tension glaucoma: a color doppler imaging study.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Whole Vitreous Humor Dissection for Vitreodynamic Analysis
04:41

Whole Vitreous Humor Dissection for Vitreodynamic Analysis

Published on: May 24, 2015

12.1K

The effects of aging vitreous on contrast sensitivity function.

Giancarlo A Garcia1,2, Matin Khoshnevis1,2, Kenneth M P Yee1

  • 1VMR Institute for Vitreous Macula Retina, 7677 Center Avenue, Suite 400, Huntington Beach, CA, 92647, USA.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|March 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Age-related decline in contrast sensitivity is linked to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and increased vitreous echodensity, not macular thinning. These vitreous changes significantly impact vision, independent of age.

Keywords:
AgeContrast sensitivity functionGanglion cell complexPosterior vitreous detachmentQuantitative ultrasonographyVitreous

More Related Videos

In vivo Imaging of Optic Nerve Fiber Integrity by Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Mice
11:38

In vivo Imaging of Optic Nerve Fiber Integrity by Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Mice

Published on: July 22, 2014

13.9K
An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Whole Vitreous Humor Dissection for Vitreodynamic Analysis
04:41

Whole Vitreous Humor Dissection for Vitreodynamic Analysis

Published on: May 24, 2015

12.1K
In vivo Imaging of Optic Nerve Fiber Integrity by Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Mice
11:38

In vivo Imaging of Optic Nerve Fiber Integrity by Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Mice

Published on: July 22, 2014

13.9K
An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
04:30

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Contrast sensitivity function (CSF) naturally declines with age.
  • Previous research suggested macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thinning as a cause for age-related CSF decline, excluding cataracts.
  • Alternative hypotheses linked CSF decline to increased vitreous echodensity and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between CSF, vitreous echodensity, PVD, and GCC thickness in relation to aging.
  • To determine the independent contributions of PVD, vitreous echodensity, and GCC thickness to age-related CSF changes.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated age, CSF (Weber index), vitreous echodensity (quantitative ultrasonography [QUS]), lens status, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and GCC thickness (SD-OCT) in 57 subjects.
  • Subjects were categorized into groups with (n=32) and without (n=25) PVD.
  • Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to identify independent predictors of CSF.

Main Results:

  • CSF was significantly worse (51.2%) in eyes with PVD compared to those without (P < 0.001).
  • Vitreous echodensity was significantly higher (55.8%) in eyes with PVD (P < 0.001).
  • PVD status, vitreous echodensity, and age were significant independent predictors of CSF; GCC thickness and BCVA were not.

Conclusions:

  • Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and increased vitreous echodensity are significant determinants of diminished contrast sensitivity function (CSF), independent of age.
  • In the absence of cataracts and GCC thinning, these vitreous changes are likely contributors to age-related decreases in CSF.
  • Highlights the role of vitreous integrity in maintaining visual function across the lifespan.