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Mobile diagnostics: next-generation technologies for in vitro diagnostics.

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Smartphone biosensors are revolutionizing in vitro diagnostics (IVD) by enabling accurate, portable testing. This review explores their transition to non-invasive samples and future potential in decentralized healthcare.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Point-of-Care Testing

Background:

  • Smartphone adoption has surged, creating new platforms for medical research.
  • Liquid biopsy advancements enable less invasive diagnostic sample collection.
  • In vitro diagnostics (IVD) are crucial for disease detection and monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the current state of smartphone-based biosensors in IVD.
  • To discuss critical concerns and potential solutions for smartphone-based diagnostics.
  • To highlight the shift towards non-invasive analytes (urine, saliva, sweat) using smartphones.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on smartphone-based biosensors for IVD.
  • Analysis of smartphone features for diagnostic applications.
  • Evaluation of factors including accuracy, portability, quantitative/qualitative analysis, and decentralization.

Main Results:

  • Smartphones offer a versatile platform for integrating biosensors.
  • Applications span from minimally invasive (blood) to non-invasive samples.
  • Key considerations include accuracy, portability, and data analysis capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Smartphone-based biosensors show significant promise for advancing IVD.
  • The technology facilitates decentralized and accessible diagnostic testing.
  • Future research should address current challenges for broader clinical adoption.