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Scedosporium and Lomentospora: an updated overview of underrated opportunists

Andoni Ramirez-Garcia1, Aize Pellon1, Aitor Rementeria1

  • 1Fungal and Bacterial Biomics Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.

Medical Mycology
|March 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Emerging fungal opportunists Scedosporium and Lomentospora cause severe infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. This review details their taxonomy, epidemiology, and treatment strategies for these challenging fungi.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Fungal Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Scedosporium and Lomentospora are emerging opportunistic fungi.
  • They cause infections in immunocompromised and debilitated patients, as well as trauma-associated infections in healthy individuals.
  • Clinical manifestations range from local infections to severe invasive disease with high mortality rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on Scedosporium and Lomentospora.
  • To summarize key aspects including taxonomy, epidemiology, pathology, virulence, immunology, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
  • To highlight research efforts on these 'orphan fungi'.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific findings.
  • Synthesis of information on Scedosporium and Lomentospora.
  • Focus on taxonomy, environmental distribution, epidemiology, pathology, virulence factors, immunology, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are significant causes of opportunistic infections.
  • High mortality rates are linked to patient status, diagnostic challenges, and antifungal resistance.
  • Research consortia are actively investigating these fungi.

Conclusions:

  • Scedosporium and Lomentospora infections pose a serious threat, particularly to vulnerable populations.
  • Improved diagnostics and novel therapeutic strategies are crucial for managing these infections.
  • Continued research is essential to combat the rising incidence and severity of these fungal diseases.

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