Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026
07:08
A High Throughput, Multiplexed and Targeted Proteomic CSF Assay to Quantify Neurodegenerative Biomarkers and Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Status
Published on: October 20, 2016
8.4K
Kinetics of plasma apolipoprotein E isoforms by LC-MS/MS: a pilot study
Valentin Blanchard1,2, Stéphane Ramin-Mangata2, Stéphanie Billon-Crossouard1,3
1CRNHO, West Human Nutrition Research Center, F-44000 Nantes, France.
Journal of Lipid Research
|March 16, 2018
Summary
Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) isoforms have different plasma concentrations due to varying production and catabolic rates. Understanding apoE kinetics is key to explaining these differences.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Metabolomics
Background:
- Human apolipoprotein E (apoE) exists in three main isoforms: apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, determined by APOE gene polymorphism.
- Plasma concentrations of total apoE vary significantly among individuals, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distinct kinetic properties of individual apoE isoforms.
- To elucidate the mechanisms responsible for variable total plasma apoE concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to differentiate apoE isoforms.
- Employed a 14-hour primed constant infusion of 2H3-leucine in subjects with E2/E3, E3/E3, and E3/E4 phenotypes.
- Measured hourly plasma apoE concentrations and leucine enrichments to determine production and catabolic rates.
Main Results:
- Plasma concentrations of apoE2 were higher than apoE3, while apoE4 concentrations were lower than apoE3.
- No significant differences were observed in the catabolic rates of apoE3 and apoE4, nor in the production rates of apoE2 and apoE3.
- ApoE2 exhibited lower catabolic rates, and apoE4 showed lower production rates compared to apoE3.
Conclusions:
- The differing kinetics of apoE isoforms, specifically their production and catabolic rates, explain the variations in total plasma apoE concentrations.
- Further research into the regulation of biochemical pathways and the influence of pathological conditions on apoE isoform kinetics is warranted.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Pilot and Numeric Relaying
496
Pilot relaying is a type of differential protection used in power systems. It compares electrical quantities at the terminals of equipment via a communication channel instead of direct relay interconnection. This method is essential for transmission lines where the terminals are far apart, typically up to 80 km for lines with 69 to 115 kV ratings. Four types of communication channels are used for pilot relaying:
496
00:23Kinetic Energy
43.6K
Kinetic energy is the ability of an object in motion to do work or enact change. It can take on many forms. For instance, water flowing down a waterfall has kinetic energy. In biological systems, particles of light travel and are absorbed by plants to create chemical energy. Animals consume the chemical energy and give off molecules that carry their scent through the air. They also generate kinetic energy when they run away from predators. Entire systems also possess kinetic energy, like the...
43.6K
01:19Enzyme Kinetics
104.4K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
104.4K
03:07Kinetic Molecular Theory: Molecular Velocities, Temperature, and Kinetic Energy
30.0K
The kinetic molecular theory qualitatively explains the behaviors described by the various gas laws. The postulates of this theory may be applied in a more quantitative fashion to derive these individual laws.
30.0K
01:26Kinetic Friction
1.5K
Consider a truck trying to pull a stationary car. As the truck exerts a force on the car, static friction is created at the point of contact between the two surfaces. This frictional force resists the car's movement and keeps it at rest. However, when the applied force by the truck surpasses the limiting static frictional force, an interesting phenomenon occurs. The frictional force at the interface reduces to a lower value, known as the kinetic frictional force. At this point, the car...
1.5K
01:05Elimination Kinetics: First-Order and Zero-Order
3.0K
Eliminating drugs from the body is a vital process that occurs through excretion or metabolism. Understanding the kinetics of drug elimination is crucial for drug development, dosage determination, and optimizing patient outcomes.
Drug clearance depends on the rate of drug elimination and its plasma concentration. Another important parameter is a drug's half-life, which is the time required for its concentration to decrease by half. In most cases, drug clearance follows first-order...
Drug clearance depends on the rate of drug elimination and its plasma concentration. Another important parameter is a drug's half-life, which is the time required for its concentration to decrease by half. In most cases, drug clearance follows first-order...
3.0K