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Quantifying tumor-infiltrating immune cells from transcriptomics data.

Francesca Finotello1, Zlatko Trajanoski2

  • 1Biocenter, Division for Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. francesca.finotello@i-med.ac.at.

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Quantifying tumor-infiltrating immune cells from RNA sequencing data is crucial for understanding cancer progression and therapy response. This review covers computational methods and challenges for accurate immune cell quantification in human tumors.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor-infiltrating immune cells play dual roles in cancer, influencing tumor progression and treatment outcomes.
  • Understanding the immune microenvironment is key to developing effective cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current computational methods for quantifying tumor-infiltrating immune cells using transcriptomics data.
  • To highlight challenges in accurately assessing immune infiltrates in human bulk tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatics approaches applied to RNA sequencing data.
  • Analysis of transcriptomics data for immune cell identification and quantification.

Main Results:

  • State-of-the-art computational methods exist for immune cell quantification from RNA sequencing data.
  • Accurate quantification of immune infiltrates from bulk tumor RNA sequencing data presents ongoing challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Quantifying immune cells is vital for understanding their role in cancer and therapy response.
  • Further advancements in computational methods are needed for precise immune cell profiling in tumors.