Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

475
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
475
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

330
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
330
Control System Problem01:21

Control System Problem

443
In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
When forming a closed-loop system, issues can arise if the poles cross into the unstable region, leading to potential...
443
Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

3.3K
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
3.3K
Infection01:20

Infection

12.8K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
12.8K
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

9.7K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
9.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The renal involvement during lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a radioanatomical study for surgical risk stratification.

Neuro-Chirurgie·2026
Same author

Diving surgery for ACTH secreting pituitary adenomas: a retrospective single center cohort study.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same author

When treatment backfires: Dopamine agonist-induced CSF leaks in prolactinomas - Case series and systematic review.

Brain & spine·2026
Same author

Disease Remission and Surgical Outcomes of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Cushing Disease: A Single Center Experience.

World neurosurgery·2025
Same author

Functional cortical mapping and structural subcortical anatomy predicts intra-operative speech arrest: a nTMS-tractography study.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025
Same author

Lumbar Drain Infection Rates: A Comprehensive Risk Factor Analysis From a Multicenter Retrospective Study of 1000+ Cases.

Neurosurgery·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
07:06

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

Published on: December 8, 2014

27.7K

Recurrent sampling and ventriculostomy-associated infections: a case-control study.

Daniel Roan Thompson1,2, Savvas Vlachos3, Sabina Patel4

  • 1Neurosurgical Department, King's College Hospital, London, UK. Daniel.thompson@doctors.org.uk.

Acta Neurochirurgica
|March 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent external ventricular drain (EVD) sampling does not increase the risk of ventriculostomy-associated infections (VAIs). However, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, concurrent infections, and prolonged EVD duration are significant risk factors for VAIs.

Keywords:
Catheter-related infectionsCerebrospinal fluidExternal ventricular drainPost-operative complicationsRisk factorsVentriculitisVentriculostomy

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Single-Entry Point Endoscopic Intraventricular Approach for Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy
03:13

Author Spotlight: A Single-Entry Point Endoscopic Intraventricular Approach for Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.4K
Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
07:27

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
07:06

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

Published on: December 8, 2014

27.7K
Author Spotlight: A Single-Entry Point Endoscopic Intraventricular Approach for Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy
03:13

Author Spotlight: A Single-Entry Point Endoscopic Intraventricular Approach for Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.4K
Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
07:27

Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK

Published on: December 18, 2012

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • External ventricular drain (EVD) insertion is a common neurosurgical procedure.
  • Ventriculostomy-associated infections (VAIs) are a significant complication.
  • Identified risk factors for VAIs require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if recurrent EVD sampling increases VAI risk.
  • To explore other factors influencing VAI, including sampling frequency, EVD duration, CSF leaks, and concurrent infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, single-center, case-control study.
  • Age-matched analysis of 83 patients and 249 controls undergoing EVD insertion.
  • Data collected via electronic patient records; regression analysis used.

Main Results:

  • Recurrent EVD sampling did not elevate VAI risk (OR 0.47).
  • Significant VAI risk factors identified: CSF leak (OR 2.06), concurrent infection (OR 1.85), and EVD duration >10 days (OR 2.28).

Conclusions:

  • Increased EVD sampling is not associated with a higher VAI risk.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid leaks, concurrent infections, and long EVD duration are significant risk factors for VAIs.