Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Intravascular Perfusion of Carbon Black Ink Allows Reliable Visualization of Cerebral Vessels
Published on: January 4, 2013
Impact of dynamical and microphysical schemes on black carbon prediction in a regional climate model over India
Rohit Srivastava1, Sherin Hassan Bran2
1Indian Centre for Climate and Societal Impacts Research (ICCSIR), Mandvi, Kachchh, 370 465, Gujarat, India. rohit.srivastava@iccsir.org.
Abstract:
Aerosol concentrations and their properties strongly depend on dynamics of atmosphere. Effects of physical and dynamical parameterizations on meteorology and black carbon (BC) mass in Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-CHEM) are investigated over India. Simulations are performed in ten experiments considering two boundary layer, three cumulus parameterization, and five microphysics schemes during winter and monsoon of 2008. Morrison double-moment physical parameterization, Yonsei University boundary layer parameterization with Kain-Fritsch and Grell-Freitas cumulus parameterization schemes are found suitable to simulate meteorology and BC mass over India. BC mass is found to be underestimated in almost all experiments during winter; while, BC mass is overestimated in monsoon over Ahmedabad, Delhi, and Kanpur, which suggests inefficient wet scavenging of BC in monsoon, while lower emission rate may cause differences in winter. The results will be useful in understanding parameterizations and their impact on aerosols.
Related Concept Videos
Global Climate Change
What is Climate?
The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis
Predicting Molecular Geometry
Detection of Black Holes
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
The Carbon Cycle

