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Serum Complement C3 and Type 2 Diabetes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case-Control Study

Francesco Ursini1,2, Salvatore D Angelo3, Emilio Russo1

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.

Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials
|March 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Complement C3 levels may help predict Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. Higher C3 levels, along with longer RA duration, indicate an increased likelihood of comorbid T2DM.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Complement C3 is a potential biomarker for cardiometabolic risk in the general population.
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients have an increased risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between complement C3 levels and the presence of T2DM in RA patients.
  • To assess the predictive value of complement C3 for T2DM in RA.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 40 RA patients with T2DM (RA/T2DM+) and 80 RA patients without T2DM (RA/T2DM-).
  • Analyzed demographic data, disease characteristics (RA duration, disease activity), inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), and complement C3 levels.
  • Utilized logistic regression and ROC curve analysis to evaluate predictors of T2DM.

Main Results:

  • RA/T2DM+ patients were older, had longer RA duration, and higher disease activity compared to RA/T2DM- patients.
  • Significantly higher levels of ESR, CRP, and complement C3 were observed in the RA/T2DM+ group.
  • Longer RA duration, ESR, and C3 levels were associated with an increased likelihood of T2DM. The combination of RA duration and C3 demonstrated strong predictive value (AUC = 0.89).

Conclusions:

  • Complement C3 levels can predict the presence of T2DM in RA patients.
  • Complement C3, in conjunction with RA duration, offers a valuable tool for identifying RA patients at higher risk for T2DM.
Abstract

Keywords:
Complement C3complement system proteinsdiabetes mellitus type 2insulin resistanceprediabetesrheumatoid arthritis.

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