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Infantile spasms : electroclinical syndrome

G N Dakshinamurty1, P Satishchandra1

  • 1Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore - 560 029, India.

Neurology India
|March 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated infantile spasms in 29 Indian children, finding birth asphyxia a common cause. Treatment with anticonvulsants and steroids showed varied responses, highlighting the need for more research on this infant seizure disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Infantile spasms (IS) is an age-specific seizure disorder in infancy/early childhood.
  • IS can be part of an epileptic syndrome with hypsarrhythmia or chronic spasms with mental retardation.
  • Limited information on IS exists in Indian medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate infantile spasms cases in India.
  • To analyze clinical characteristics, EEG findings, and treatment responses.
  • To identify common causes and therapeutic outcomes in Indian infants with IS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 29 patients with infantile spasms over 5 years at NIMHANS.
  • EEG evaluation for all patients; hypsarrhythmia pattern noted in 5.
  • Analysis of patient data including etiology, treatment (anticonvulsants, ACTH/Steroids), and follow-up.

Main Results:

  • All 29 patients had abnormal EEGs; 5 showed hypsarrhythmia.
  • 14 cases were cryptogenic; the rest were symptomatic, with birth asphyxia being the most frequent cause.
  • Mean follow-up was 18 months; treatment responses varied based on etiology and therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Infantile spasms present unique challenges in the Indian context.
  • Birth asphyxia is a significant etiological factor in symptomatic IS.
  • Further research is needed to optimize management and understand outcomes for infantile spasms in India.

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