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[Clinical effectiveness study of transcranial direct current stimulation in amblyopic children]

A V Dolzhich1, S E Avetisov2

  • 1Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11 A, B, Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021; LLC 'Plus', Veresaeva St., 105/3, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, 344072.

Vestnik Oftalmologii
|March 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with drug therapy significantly improved visual function and cognitive development in children with amblyopia. This treatment enhanced neurophysiological parameters and visual acuity, aiding school adaptation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Amblyopia, or 'lazy eye,' is a common cause of reduced vision in children.
  • Refractive strabismic amblyopia is characterized by impaired visual pathway development and cognitive deficits.
  • Current treatments for amblyopia have limitations in fully restoring visual function and cognitive abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the neurophysiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with drug therapy.
  • To assess the clinical effectiveness of this combined treatment in amblyopic children.
  • To investigate the impact on visual analyzer parameters and cognitive development.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 97 amblyopic children (5-12 years) and 32 healthy controls.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmological and neurophysiological assessments were performed.
  • Evaluations included visometry, visual evoked potentials, electroencephalography, and neuropsychic development tests.

Main Results:

  • Amblyopic children exhibited poorer neurophysiological parameters and lower mental development coefficients.
  • The combined tDCS and drug therapy improved visual analyzer neurophysiology in 83.5% of cases.
  • Visual acuity increased in 81.4% of patients, with 86.6% showing improved cognitive functions and school adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with drug therapy is an effective treatment for refractive strabismic amblyopia.
  • The treatment positively impacts both visual pathway function and cognitive development in affected children.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for enhancing visual acuity and improving learning abilities in amblyopic children.
Abstract

Keywords:
amblyopiacoefficient of mental developmentelectroencephalogramneurophysiological parameterstranscranial direct current stimulation

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