Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

60.2K
Overview
60.2K
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

1.6K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
1.6K
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

31.1K
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
31.1K
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

47.4K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
47.4K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

60.2K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
60.2K
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

48.4K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical scope and workforce contribution of advanced nurse practitioners in general practice: a cross-sectional study.

Journal of research in nursing : JRN·2026
Same author

Genetic Variation in Seed Size in an Introgression Line Population of Upland Cotton.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Prior contact lens wear reduces susceptibility of the superficially-injured cornea to bacterial adhesion.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Thrombolysis for pulmonary embolism: A network meta-analysis.

Journal of the Intensive Care Society·2026
Same author

Encouraging direct discharges home from Critical Care.

Journal of the Intensive Care Society·2026
Same author

<i>'I've never heard of pulmonary rehab':</i> Healthcare professionals' perceptions in regards to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Clinical rehabilitation·2025
Same journal

Interventions to prevent or cease electronic cigarette use in children and adolescents.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same journal

Drugs to improve anaemia, quality of life, and physical function in people with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same journal

Interventions for smoking cessation in inpatient psychiatry settings.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same journal

Mechanical thromboprophylaxis for preventing intradialytic hypotension in people undergoing maintenance haemodialysis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same journal

Prognostic models for predicting intensive care unit admission or mortality in critically ill adults not yet been admitted to the intensive care unit.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
Same journal

Views and experiences of weight management for people living with mobility‑limiting conditions, intellectual disabilities or severe mental illness: a qualitative evidence synthesis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

11.7K

Macrolide antibiotics for bronchiectasis.

Carol Kelly1, James D Chalmers, Iain Crossingham

  • 1Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|March 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term macrolide antibiotic therapy can reduce exacerbations and improve quality of life for adults with bronchiectasis. However, caution is advised due to potential increases in antibiotic resistance, especially in children.

More Related Videos

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

8.0K
Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes
08:23

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Published on: March 2, 2020

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

11.7K
Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

8.0K
Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes
08:23

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Published on: March 2, 2020

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterized by irreversible dilatation and distortion of smaller airways.
  • Bacterial colonization in damaged airways leads to chronic cough, sputum production, and breathlessness.
  • Long-term macrolide antibiotic therapy is investigated for its potential to suppress bacterial infection and reduce inflammation in bronchiectasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the impact of macrolide antibiotics in treating adults and children diagnosed with bronchiectasis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of macrolides in managing stable bronchiectasis.
  • To assess the effects of macrolides on exacerbations, hospitalizations, and adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted.
  • Searches were performed in the Cochrane Airways Trials Register, trial registries, and reference lists.
  • Included RCTs compared macrolide antibiotics with placebo or no intervention for at least four weeks in adults and children with bronchiectasis.

Main Results:

  • In adults, macrolides significantly reduced exacerbation frequency (moderate-quality evidence) and improved quality of life (moderate-quality evidence) compared to placebo.
  • No significant differences were found in exacerbation frequency or hospitalizations between macrolides and placebo in children (low-quality evidence).
  • A concerning increase in macrolide-resistant bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, was observed in children (low-quality evidence).

Conclusions:

  • Long-term macrolide therapy may reduce exacerbations and improve quality of life, primarily supported by adult studies using azithromycin.
  • Macrolides should be used cautiously due to limited data indicating an associated increase in microbial resistance.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the efficacy of macrolides for specific bacterial eradication and the extent of antibiotic resistance development.