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Human amnion as a model for IgG transport.

D L Stone, Y Suzuki, G W Wood

    American Journal of Reproductive Immunology and Microbiology : AJRIM
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human amnion possesses Fc gamma receptors that bind and internalize immunoglobulin G (IgG). This discovery establishes the amnion as a valuable model for studying IgG transport mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

    Background:

    • Immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays a crucial role in immune responses.
    • Understanding IgG transport mechanisms is vital for various physiological and pathological processes.
    • The human amnion's role in immune molecule transport is not fully elucidated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the capacity of fresh human amnion to bind and internalize IgG.
    • To identify potential receptors involved in IgG interaction with amnionic epithelial cells.
    • To establish the human amnion as an in vitro model for studying IgG transport.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an in vitro Ussing chamber system with fresh human amnion.
    • Employed horseradish peroxidase-labeled IgG (IgG-HRP) for binding and internalization assays.

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  • Investigated the specificity of binding using various labeled immunoglobulins and IgG fragments.
  • Assessed the effect of temperature, pH, ionic strength, and specific inhibitors (trypsin, colchicine, cytochalasin D) on IgG interaction.

    • Main Results:

    • Human amnion demonstrated specific binding and internalization of IgG via Fc gamma receptors (Fc gamma R).
    • Fc gamma R exhibited high specificity for IgG monomers, with no significant binding of IgA, IgM, or other IgG fragments.
    • Receptors were located on both apical and basal cell membranes, with rapid binding (1 min) and internalization (5 min).
    • Trypsin treatment abolished binding, while low temperature and cytoskeletal inhibitors prevented internalization, indicating an active cellular process.

    Conclusions:

    • Human amnionic epithelial cells possess functional Fc gamma receptors capable of binding and internalizing IgG.
    • The amnion serves as a suitable in vitro model for investigating IgG transport mechanisms.
    • These findings contribute to understanding maternal-fetal IgG transfer and immune regulation.