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Related Concept Videos

Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

3.1K
Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
3.1K
Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

378
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
378
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

585
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
585
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

477
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
477
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

477
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
477
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

487
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
487

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
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Dendritic structural plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease.

Marc P Forrest1, Euan Parnell1, Peter Penzes1,2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
|March 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Altered brain circuit structure in neuropsychiatric disorders is linked to genetic factors influencing structural plasticity. Targeting these shared pathways offers potential for new therapeutic strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Neuronal circuit structure is critical for cognitive function and is refined during development.
  • Atypical cellular and synaptic substrates in neuropsychiatric disorders suggest altered structural plasticity is key to disease.
  • Genetic discoveries are reshaping our understanding of these disorders and their risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of recent genetic findings on structural plasticity mechanisms.
  • To propose that these mechanisms converge on shared, targetable pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of human and animal studies.
  • Analysis of genetic findings related to neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Integration of knowledge on structural plasticity mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Genetic factors significantly influence pathways regulating structural plasticity.
  • Convergent pathways affected by genetic risk factors have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Structural plasticity is a critical mechanism in neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Shared pathways influenced by genetic risk factors represent promising therapeutic targets.