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Outcomes of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Cardiac Myxoma: A Retrospective Multicentric Study
Frantisek Nehaj1, Juraj Sokol2, Michal Mokan1
1First Department of Internal Medicine, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia.
Insights
Primary cardiac myxomas, benign heart tumors, were diagnosed in 41 patients. Surgical resection offers curative treatment with high survival rates and low recurrence risk for these heart tumors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Benign heart tumors, specifically primary cardiac myxomas, represent a rare clinical entity.
- Understanding the clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and treatment outcomes is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and outcomes of patients with primary cardiac myxomas.
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgical resection for cardiac myxomas.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records of 41 patients diagnosed with primary cardiac myxomas between 2011 and 2016.
- Data collection included presenting symptoms, diagnostic imaging (echocardiography), treatment approaches, and postoperative outcomes.
Main Results:
- Echocardiography was the primary diagnostic tool in 85% of cases.
- The majority of patients were female (61%). Common symptoms included dyspnea (42%) and chest pain (7%).
- Five patients (12%) experienced embolic events, including cerebral stroke. All patients underwent surgical resection, with high survival rates and low complication rates (bleeding and infection in 5% each).
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis and surgical resection are effective and curative for primary cardiac myxomas.
- Treatment leads to high postoperative survival and a low risk of recurrence.
- Cardiac myxomas, despite potential embolic complications, are manageable with timely intervention.
Abstract:
The patient database at the First Department of Internal Medicine in Martin, the Central Slovak Institute for Cardiac and Vascular Diseases in Banska Bystrica, and the National Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in Bratislava was searched to identify patients with benign tumors of the heart seen during the 5-year period between 2011 and 2016. Forty-one patients with primary cardiac myxomas were identified and their medical records were reviewed for details pertaining to presenting symptoms, staging modalities, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Most of the studied patients were diagnosed with echocardiography (n = 35, 85%). The occurrence of the tumor was higher in the female population (n = 25, 61%). The most common presenting symptoms were dyspnoea (n = 17, 42%), chest pain (n = 3, 7%), or pain and paraesthesia of the limbs (n = 2, 5%). Acute embolic event due to embolization of tumor fragments resulted in cerebral stroke (n = 5, 12%). All patients were treated by resection. Only one comorbid patient died due to multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome two weeks after the resection. The most common postoperative complication was bleeding (n = 2, 5%) and infection (n = 2, 5%). The early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often curative, with very low risk of recurrence. Postoperative survival is high.
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