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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
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Drying drops : Drying drops containing solutes: From hydrodynamical to mechanical instabilities.

F Giorgiutti-Dauphiné1, L Pauchard2

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Drying complex fluids in sessile drops reveals phenomena like solute transport and envelope formation. Drying conditions and contact angles influence crack patterns in the resulting solid layer.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics of complex fluids
  • Materials science
  • Surface science

Background:

  • Drying of complex fluids involves intricate microscopic phenomena, including solute transport and organization.
  • Hydrodynamic and mechanical instabilities are critical during the drying process of sessile drops.
  • Distinct domains form during drying, characterized by concentration gradients, envelope formation, and substrate adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microscopic phenomena governing the drying of complex fluids in sessile drops.
  • To quantify particle volume fraction evolution and identify conditions for envelope formation.
  • To analyze the impact of drying conditions and contact angles on crack patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of particle volume fraction at nano- and micro-scales.
  • Analysis of diffusion and evaporation effects on envelope formation.
  • Investigation of mechanical instabilities and crack formation in drying drops.

Main Results:

  • Envelope formation at the free surface is governed by the balance between diffusion and evaporation.
  • Solid envelope formation leads to mechanical instabilities and varied drop shapes.
  • Drying stresses induce crack formation, with patterns influenced by contact angle and drying conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the complex interplay of phenomena during sessile drop drying.
  • Understanding envelope formation and crack patterns is crucial for controlling drying processes.
  • This research provides insights into the drying behavior of colloidal systems and solute patterns.