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Thermodynamics of quasideterministic digital computers.

Dominique Chu1

  • 1School of Computing, University of Kent, CT2 7NF, Canterbury, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|March 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Stochastic thermodynamics suggests deterministic computation is impossible due to infinite entropy production. This study demonstrates quasideterministic computation is achievable with finite cost and high accuracy using stochastic gates.

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Computer Science
  • Information Theory

Background:

  • Stochastic thermodynamics posits that irreversible processes in Markovian systems lead to infinite entropy production.
  • This implies that perfectly deterministic computation is thermodynamically impossible.
  • Understanding the thermodynamic costs of computation is crucial for developing efficient computational systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if quasideterministic computation is possible within a thermodynamically consistent framework.
  • To quantify the entropy production cost associated with highly accurate stochastic computation.
  • To analyze the scaling of error probability and cost with system size.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a thermodynamically consistent model for stochastic logic gates (AND, NOT).

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  • Analyzed entropy production in Markovian systems implementing these gates.
  • Utilized a machine model capable of reading and writing binary tapes.
  • Quantified gate accuracy and computation time.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that quasideterministic computation can be achieved with finite and modest entropy production costs.
    • Showed that the accuracy of these stochastic gates can be made indistinguishable from deterministic behavior for practical purposes.
    • Found that error probability decreases exponentially with system size, while cost increases linearly.

    Conclusions:

    • Quasideterministic computation is feasible, challenging the notion that deterministic computation is strictly impossible.
    • Stochastic systems can perform reliable computation at a manageable thermodynamic cost.
    • The proposed model offers a pathway for designing efficient and accurate stochastic computing devices.