Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

53.7K
Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
53.7K
Rab Cascades01:25

Rab Cascades

3.6K
Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
3.6K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

18.6K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
18.6K
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

8.6K
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
8.6K
Cascaded Op Amps01:16

Cascaded Op Amps

1.2K
Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are versatile electronic components that can be interconnected in a cascade - one after another in a linear sequence. This cascading is possible due to their infinite input resistance and zero output resistance, allowing them to maintain their input-output relationships even when connected in series.
In a cascaded system, each op-amp is referred to as a stage. The output of one stage drives the input of the subsequent stage. As the input signal passes through...
1.2K
Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model01:14

Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model

1
The link model is a fundamental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) approach to account for delayed drug responses when the observed effect does not immediately correlate with the drug's plasma concentration peak. This delay is mathematically addressed by introducing an effect compartment concentration, Ce, which is kinetically linked to the plasma concentration, Cp, via a first-order rate constant, ke0. The linkage allows for a more accurate prediction of drug effects over time. A...
1

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhancements of symbiotic adhesion and antibiotic efficacy observed by the metabolic crosstalk within cell-bacteria cocultured on a microfluidic gut chip.

Journal of pharmaceutical analysis·2026
Same author

[Guideline for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease in Adult Patients].

Revista medica de Chile·2026
Same author

Microfluidic-mass spectrometry analysis of blood-brain barrier transport using engineered microparticle interfaces.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Plasmonically enhanced Fe(ii) coordination complexes allow SERS readout of spin state switching below the optical diffraction limit.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Precision cardiovascular medicine: shifting the innovation paradigm.

Frontiers in science·2025
Same author

NLRP3 Mediates Submandibular Gland Regeneration in Duct Ligation/De-Ligation Model.

Oral diseases·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
09:44

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

Published on: October 16, 2018

10.7K

Cascading failures in interdependent systems under a flow redistribution model.

Yingrui Zhang1, Alex Arenas2, Osman Yağan1

  • 1Department of ECE, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.

Physical Review. E
|March 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new model for cascading failures in interdependent systems, focusing on flow redistribution rather than just component survival. It reveals how coupling affects robustness and can unexpectedly improve individual network resilience.

More Related Videos

A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
10:10

A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail

Published on: February 3, 2016

13.9K
Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
07:41

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Published on: March 17, 2022

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
09:44

Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon

Published on: October 16, 2018

10.7K
A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
10:10

A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail

Published on: February 3, 2016

13.9K
Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
07:41

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Published on: March 17, 2022

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems
  • Network Science
  • Statistical Physics

Background:

  • Interdependent systems are prone to cascading failures.
  • Existing models often oversimplify dependencies, particularly in flow-based networks like power grids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and analyze a novel model for cascading failures in interdependent systems that accounts for load redistribution.
  • To investigate the impact of coupling parameters on system robustness and failure dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • A new model simulating interdependent systems A and B with initial line loads and capacities.
  • Analysis of cascading failures initiated by random line attacks.
  • Mathematical modeling of load redistribution upon line failure.

Main Results:

  • The model captures unexpected large-scale cascades and exhibits complex transition behaviors.
  • Network robustness is highly dependent on coupling coefficients (a, b), often maximized at non-trivial values.
  • Interdependence can enhance the robustness of individual networks, contrary to some existing models.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a more realistic depiction of cascading failures in flow-carrying networks.
  • Optimizing coupling parameters is crucial for enhancing system resilience.
  • Interdependence presents a nuanced effect on robustness, potentially offering significant benefits.