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Apolipoprotein E genotypes and longevity across dementia disorders.

Tobias Skillbäck1, Ronald Lautner1, Niklas Mattsson2

  • 1Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|March 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, is linked to reduced longevity and increased prevalence in vascular dementia. This finding highlights its broader impact beyond Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseApolipoprotein ECreutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseDementia with Lewy bodiesFrontotemporal dementiaParkinson's disease dementiaVascular dementia

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogenetics
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Longevity Research

Background:

  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Its association with other dementia types and longevity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of APOE gene polymorphisms with various dementia diagnoses, biomarker profiles, and longevity.
  • To determine the prevalence of APOE ε4 in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, mixed dementia, and other cognitive disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a dataset comprising 2858 subjects, including patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, mixed dementia, other dementias, and healthy controls.
  • Examination of APOE genotype frequencies and their correlation with clinical diagnoses and longevity.

Main Results:

  • The APOE ε4 allele was associated with reduced longevity, with ε4 homozygotes living 2.6 years shorter on average than ε3 homozygotes.
  • In Alzheimer's disease patients, ε4 carriers lived 1.0 year shorter than non-carriers.
  • APOE ε4 was more prevalent in Alzheimer's disease, mixed AD and VaD, and vascular dementia patients compared to controls, but not in other dementia disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The APOE ε4 allele significantly impacts longevity and is prevalent in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
  • Its influence extends to mixed AD and VaD, suggesting a role in conditions with overlapping pathologies.
  • Further research into APOE ε4's role in diverse dementia subtypes is warranted.