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Use of a Filter Cartridge for Filtration of Water Samples and Extraction of Environmental DNA
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Markus Majaneva1,2, Ola H Diserud3, Shannon H C Eagle4

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Preserving environmental DNA (eDNA) filters dry or in lysis buffer ensures consistent freshwater biodiversity assessments. Mixed cellulose ester filters are recommended for effective aquatic biomonitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Molecular biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis of freshwater metazoan biodiversity offers advancements in water quality management.
  • Field-based water filtering presents logistical benefits over laboratory transport, highlighting the importance of effective filter preservation for DNA recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of different filter preservation methods, filter types, and pre-filtration on metazoan community composition using eDNA.
  • To provide data-driven recommendations for optimizing aquatic eDNA biomonitoring protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Collected eDNA from river and lake ecosystems using two filter types (mixed cellulose ester and polyethersulfone).
  • Assessed four preservation strategies: cold storage on ice, ethanol, lysis buffer, and dry storage with silica gel.
  • Analyzed metazoan diversity and community composition based on preserved eDNA.

Main Results:

  • Filters preserved dry or in lysis buffer yielded the most consistent community composition.
  • Mixed cellulose ester filters demonstrated greater consistency in community composition compared to polyethersulfone filters.
  • The influence of pre-filtration on eDNA results was found to be ambiguous.

Conclusions:

  • Field-based filtering using mixed cellulose ester filters, preserved dry or in lysis buffer, is advocated for reliable aquatic community-level eDNA biomonitoring.
  • These findings support the development of standardized guidelines for freshwater eDNA assessments.
  • Optimized preservation techniques are crucial for maximizing DNA recovery and ensuring data integrity in eDNA studies.