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Related Concept Videos

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways01:28

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

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Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
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Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors01:28

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Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. This type of receptor spans the plasma membrane and performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. Ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors do not have to enter the cell that they affect. Cell-surface receptors are also called cell-specific proteins or markers because they are...
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Internal Receptors01:31

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Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
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Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

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Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Flow-sorting and Exome Sequencing of the Reed-Sternberg Cells of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
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Targeting the B-cell receptor pathway in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Kieron Dunleavy1, Tabea Erdmann2, Georg Lenz2

  • 1George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington DC, USA.

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|March 18, 2018
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Activated B-cell-like (ABC) Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) subtypes show poorer survival. Targeting the B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway offers promising therapeutic strategies for these aggressive lymphomas.

Keywords:
B-cell receptor signalingBTKDLBCLPCNSLPI3K

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous cancer with distinct molecular subtypes.
  • The Activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL subtype is associated with inferior patient survival compared to the Germinal Center B-cell-like (GCB) subtype.
  • The B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway is a key signaling cascade implicated in lymphomagenesis, particularly in ABC DLBCL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of BCR signaling in different DLBCL subtypes.
  • To highlight novel therapeutic strategies targeting BCR signaling in DLBCL.
  • To discuss the dependence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) on BCR signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on DLBCL molecular subtypes and BCR signaling.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for therapies targeting the BCR pathway.
  • Discussion of the specific dependency of PCNSL on BCR signaling.

Main Results:

  • BCR signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of DLBCL, especially the ABC subtype.
  • Therapeutic targeting of the BCR pathway has shown promising activity in clinical trials.
  • PCNSL exhibits a particular dependence on BCR signaling, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding BCR signaling is crucial for differentiating DLBCL subtypes and guiding treatment.
  • Novel therapeutic approaches targeting BCR signaling represent a promising avenue for ABC DLBCL and PCNSL treatment.
  • Further investigation into BCR pathway inhibitors is warranted for improved DLBCL patient outcomes.