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Thyrotropic hormones

Meera Mallya1, Amanda L Ogilvy-Stuart1

  • 1Neonatal Unit, Rosie Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|March 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Maternal thyroid disease can affect fetal development. Screening programs improve outcomes for congenital hypothyroidism, but optimal management is key for infant thyroid function, considering hormones, antibodies, and medication transfer.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Neurodevelopment

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are essential for cognitive and neurodevelopment in children.
  • Maternal thyroid disease is prevalent and can impact fetal thyroid gland development and function.
  • Screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism have reduced untreated cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review thyroid function in the context of maternal thyroid disease.
  • To discuss the impact of maternal thyroid disease on fetal and neonatal thyroid status.
  • To examine the influence of thyroid hormones, antibodies, and medications on infant thyroid function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on maternal thyroid disease and infant thyroid function.
  • Analysis of the effects of thyroid hormones, antibodies, and medications on the fetus and neonate.
  • Discussion of optimal management strategies for maternal thyroid conditions.

Main Results:

  • Maternal thyroid disease poses risks to fetal thyroid development and function.
  • Thyroid hormones, antibodies, and excreted medications can alter infant thyroid status.
  • Effective screening and management are critical for preventing adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal management of maternal thyroid disease is crucial for fetal and neonatal well-being.
  • Understanding the transfer of thyroid-related factors across the placenta and into breast milk is vital.
  • Continued vigilance and research are needed to ensure normal infant thyroid function.

Keywords:
Graves' diseaseautoantibodiesbreast milkmethimazolepropylthiouracilthyroid hormones

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