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Pharmacy in transition: A work sampling study of community pharmacists using smartphone technology
Jeroen M van de Pol1, Jurjen G Geljon2, Svetlana V Belitser2
1Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Department of Pharmacoepidemiology & Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; BENU Apotheken BV, Maarssen, The Netherlands.
Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP
|March 19, 2018
Summary
Community pharmacists spend nearly half their time on tasks that could be delegated. This shift from dispensing to cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS) is hindered by traditional duties, impacting their role as pharmaceutical experts.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Practice
- Pharmaceutical Services Research
Background:
- Community pharmacy is evolving from dispensing to cognitive pharmaceutical services (CPS).
- Traditional pharmaceutical services often limit time available for implementing innovative services.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the time allocation of community pharmacists in daily practice.
- To assess the extent to which community pharmacists can implement CPS in their daily work.
Main Methods:
- Self-reporting work sampling using a smartphone application over 6 weeks.
- Data collection involved 91 Dutch community pharmacists registering activities 5 times daily.
- An online survey captured baseline participant characteristics.
Main Results:
- Pharmacists spent 51.5% of time on professional, 35.4% on semi-professional, and 13.1% on non-professional activities.
- Time dedicated to CPS decreased throughout the workweek.
- Time spent on traditional dispensing tasks increased during the workweek.
Conclusions:
- Smartphone technology is a feasible method for collecting work-sampling data in community pharmacy.
- A significant portion of pharmacists' time is spent on delegable semi- and non-professional tasks.
- Traditional tasks impede the transition to CPS, limiting pharmacists' ability to act as accessible pharmaceutical experts.
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