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Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Hippocampal modulation of cardiorespiratory function.

Itopa E Ajayi1, Alice E McGovern2, Alexandria K Driessen2

  • 1School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, 4343, Australia.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|March 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The hippocampus influences breathing and heart rate by activating the amygdala, which then impacts brainstem autonomic pathways. This newly identified hippocampal-amygdala circuit is crucial for emotional responses.

Keywords:
Descending controlEmotionLimbic systemMicrostimulationRetrograde tracing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research
  • Cardiorespiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Complex emotions involve cardiorespiratory changes, suggesting limbic system influence on autonomic pathways.
  • Previous research emphasized the prefrontal cortex's role in autonomic regulation, leaving the hippocampus's role less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hippocampus's role in cardiorespiratory control.
  • To identify specific hippocampal regions influencing autonomic functions.
  • To elucidate the neural pathways connecting the hippocampus to cardiorespiratory centers.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings and stimulation in anesthetized rats.
  • Neuroanatomical tract tracing techniques.
  • Pharmacological inactivation of specific brain regions.

Main Results:

  • Stimulation of CA1 fields in both dorsal and ventral hippocampus significantly altered breathing and cardiovascular activity.
  • The basomedial amygdala was identified as a key relay in hippocampal-evoked cardiorespiratory responses.
  • Evidence supports a functional hippocampal-amygdala circuit modulating brainstem autonomic control.

Conclusions:

  • A hippocampal-amygdala neural circuit modulates bulbar cardiorespiratory networks.
  • This circuit may play a critical role in the top-down regulation of breathing and autonomic outflow during complex emotional states.