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Ethics and Bioethics

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Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
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Presystemic elimination, or the first-pass effect, is the metabolism of drugs that reduces their effective concentration at the site of action. Apart from the first-pass effect, the systemic bioavailability of the drug is also reduced by other factors, including incomplete absorption or chemical degradation of drugs.
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Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport of the molecules. Some integral membrane proteins are present only in the membrane monolayer. For example, the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase is present in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane monolayer. In contrast, another type of integral membrane protein, also known as a transmembrane protein, spans across the membrane. Transmembrane...
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When a drug is taken orally, it undergoes a journey starting from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, passing through the portal vein, reaching the liver, and finally entering the systemic circulation. This process involves the absorption of the drug across the GI tract. The liver is the primary site for metabolizing the drug, with some metabolism also occurring in the gut wall. This journey significantly reduces the quantity of the drug that reaches the systemic circulation, a phenomenon known as...
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Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
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The rough ER membrane synthesizes, assembles, and embeds transmembrane proteins in diverse topologies. These proteins function as transporters or channels and can remain in the ER membrane or are sent to the Golgi complex, lysosome, and cell membrane.
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Teaching Bioethics: just a passing fad?

Nazli Hossain1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit II, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., nazli.hossain@duhs.edu.pk.

Indian Journal of Medical Ethics
|March 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Biomedical ethics education is lacking in medical training. This article highlights the critical importance of this subject for healthcare professionals, drawing on personal experience with a diploma in biomedical ethics.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Bioethics
  • Healthcare Professional Development

Background:

  • Biomedical ethics is currently not a standard subject in undergraduate or postgraduate medical studies in the country.
  • Governing bodies have recently initiated limited integration of biomedical ethics into medical school curricula.
  • A significant number of physicians do not fully recognize the importance of biomedical ethics within their education.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical importance of biomedical ethics education for medical professionals.
  • To advocate for the enhanced inclusion of biomedical ethics in medical curricula.
  • To share personal insights and experiences gained from pursuing a diploma in biomedical ethics.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of personal experiences and reflections.

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  • Review of current medical education policies regarding ethics.
  • Anecdotal evidence supporting the value of specialized ethics training.

    • Main Results:

    • Personal experiences underscore the profound impact of dedicated biomedical ethics study.
    • A gap exists between the perceived and actual importance of ethics in medical practice.
    • Specialized training enhances a physician's ability to navigate complex ethical dilemmas.

    Conclusions:

    • Biomedical ethics education is essential for competent and responsible healthcare practice.
    • Integrating comprehensive ethics training into medical schools is crucial.
    • Further emphasis on biomedical ethics is needed to improve physician understanding and application.