Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026
08:34
Visualization of High Speed Liquid Jet Impaction on a Moving Surface
Published on: April 17, 2015
12.0K
Enhancement of Focused Liquid Jets by Surface Bubbles
Ryosuke Yukisada1, Akihito Kiyama1, Xuehua Zhang2,3,4
1Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering , Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology , Nakacho 2-24-16 , Koganei , Tokyo 184-8588 , Japan.
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|March 20, 2018
Summary
Surface bubbles significantly enhance focused liquid jet velocity by damping negative pressure. This discovery advances focusing jet technology, enabling delicate sample manipulation.
Area of Science:
- Fluid Dynamics
- Surface Science
- Acoustics
Background:
- Focused liquid jets are crucial for various applications, including sample manipulation.
- Cavitation phenomena significantly influence liquid jet dynamics.
- The role of pre-existing surface bubbles in jet formation is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the enhancement of focused liquid jet velocity using preformed surface bubbles.
- To explore the impact of bubble size and cavitation number on jet velocity.
- To elucidate the underlying physical mechanisms responsible for jet velocity enhancement.
Main Methods:
- Focused liquid jets were generated by impacting a liquid-filled cylindrical tube.
- Surface bubbles were preformed using a solvent exchange method (ethanol-water).
- High-speed imaging and liquid pressure measurements were employed.
Main Results:
- Preformed surface bubbles significantly increased focused liquid jet velocities at both high (0.37) and low (2.1) cavitation numbers.
- Sub-millimeter and sub-micrometer bubbles were observed to contribute to velocity enhancement.
- Surface bubbles were found to damp negative pressure pulses generated during impact.
Conclusions:
- Preformed surface bubbles play a crucial role in enhancing impulsive liquid motion and focused jet velocity.
- This finding has significant implications for advancing focusing jet technology.
- The technique offers potential for improved jetting of fragile biological samples.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Free Jet
599
Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
599
01:13Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
3.5K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
3.5K
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.8K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.8K
01:27Coping Strategies: Problem Focused
529
Coping strategies are methods people use to manage, tolerate, or reduce the effects of stressors. These strategies involve both behavioral and psychological actions to handle stressful situations. One common approach is problem-focused coping, which aims to change or eliminate the source of stress rather than merely addressing its consequences. This method involves taking direct action to resolve the issue causing stress.
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
For example, consider a student who struggles to understand their...
529
01:16Focusing of Light in the Eye
6.3K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
6.3K
01:16Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement
273
Body:Bioavailability is a critical factor in determining a drug's effectiveness. It refers to the proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and is, as a result, able to have an active effect. Enhancing bioavailability is essential for drugs with poor solubility, as it can significantly impact their therapeutic efficacy. Various methods are employed to increase the solubility of drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability.Micronization and nanonization are...
273