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What's New in Pediatric Hip?
Matthew R Schmitz1, Todd J Blumberg2, Susan E Nelson3
1Department of Orthopaedics, San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.
Insights
This review covers recent advancements in diagnosing and treating pediatric hip conditions like developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). It highlights key research for pediatric orthopaedic care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopaedics
- Hip Joint Pathologies
Background:
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common deformity leading to osteoarthritis and hip arthroplasty.
- Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) involves vascular insult to the femoral epiphysis, causing hip joint morphologic changes.
- Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) results from proximal femoral physis failure, displacing the epiphysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the most important recent literature on pediatric hip conditions.
- To provide an overview of the diagnosis and treatment of DDH, LCPD, SCFE, and pediatric hip infections.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted for studies published between July 1, 2014, and August 31, 2017.
- The search focused on developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), and pediatric hip infections.
- A total of 839 English articles were identified, with 40 selected for review based on significant findings.
Main Results:
- Forty significant papers were selected for review, supplementing with historical manuscripts for context.
- The selected literature represents new and important findings in the field of pediatric hip conditions.
Conclusions:
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), and hip infections remain critical areas in pediatric orthopaedics.
- This review synthesizes recent research, offering insights into the diagnosis and management of these pediatric hip conditions.
Background:
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), which encompasses a wide spectrum of disease from mild dysplasia to frank dislocation, is one of the most common developmental deformities of the lower extremities and one of the leading causes of future osteoarthritis and hip arthroplasty. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) results from a vascular insult to the growing femoral epiphysis, which in turn can create permanent morphologic changes to the hip joint. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) occurs when the proximal femoral physis fails allowing the epiphysis to displace in relation to the metaphysis. Infections about the hip also create significant morbidity in the pediatric hip.
Methods:
We searched the PubMed database for all studies related to DDH, LCPD, SCFE, and pediatric hip infections that were published between July 1, 2014 and August 31, 2017. The search was limited to English articles and yielded 839 papers. This project was initiated by the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America Publications Committee and was reviewed and approved by the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America Presidential Line.
Results:
A total of 40 papers were selected for review based upon new and significant findings. Select historical manuscripts are also included to provide sufficient background information.
Conclusions:
DDH, LCPD, SCFE, and infections about the hip continue to be important topics in pediatric orthopaedics and areas of vital research. This manuscript reviews the most important recent literature on the diagnosis and treatment of these pediatric hip conditions.
Level Of Evidence:
Level V.