Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.3K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.3K
Synaptic Signaling01:12

Synaptic Signaling

79.8K
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
79.8K
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

3.1K
Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
3.1K
Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

378
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
378
Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

585
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
585
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

477
It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
477

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dynamic visualization of physiological CaMKII activity using sensitive FRET biosensors.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Functional imaging of nine distinct neuronal populations under a miniscope in freely behaving animals.

eLife·2026
Same author

Acsl4-mediated Lipid Homeostasis Orchestrates Synaptic and Cognitive Plasticity.

Research square·2026
Same author

Structure-guided discovery of non-catechol dopamine D1 receptor ligands with biased agonism and antagonism.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Intellectual disability-causing mutations in KIF11 impair microtubule dynamics and dendritic arborization.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Large Library Docking for Polypharmacology.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same journal

Invaders taking over-Mollusc faunal change in volcanic barrier lakes of the Albertine Rift biodiversity hotspot.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

AI-driven molecular diversification and ligand-based optimization of macitentan derivatives targeting VEGFR1 and endothelin signaling pathways.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Performance patterns and records in the world aquatics masters championships: Where do the most frequently represented nations among the top-ten masters swimmers come from?

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Modeling diurnal Temperature-Rainfall relationships under multicollinearity using PLS-SEM: A case study of Ghana.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Organizational culture, social capital, and emergency capacity in primary healthcare institutions: A cross-sectional structural equation modeling study comparing ordinary and older communities.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Impact of kidney function on the metabolome in the general population.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster
06:35

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: October 8, 2019

9.7K

GIT1 regulates synaptic structural plasticity underlying learning.

Amanda C Martyn1, Krisztian Toth1, Robert Schmalzigaug1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.

Plos One
|March 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Loss of the GIT1 protein does not cause attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in mice. Instead, GIT1 deficiency leads to significant learning and memory impairments, suggesting a role in intellectual disability.

More Related Videos

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity

Published on: May 18, 2020

7.4K
Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity
11:56

Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity

Published on: November 11, 2017

16.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster
06:35

In Vivo Optical Calcium Imaging of Learning-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: October 8, 2019

9.7K
3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity
07:13

3D Modeling of Dendritic Spines with Synaptic Plasticity

Published on: May 18, 2020

7.4K
Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity
11:56

Slice Patch Clamp Technique for Analyzing Learning-Induced Plasticity

Published on: November 11, 2017

16.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The signaling scaffold protein GIT1 is widely expressed in the brain, but its in vivo functions are not fully understood.
  • GIT1-knockout mice have been previously suggested as a model for attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) due to observed alterations in locomotor activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavioral phenotype of GIT1-deficient mice in detail, specifically examining potential ADHD-like behaviors.
  • To clarify the role of GIT1 in brain function and its potential link to neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed behavioral analysis of GIT1-deficient mice, including assessment of locomotor activity and response to amphetamine.
  • Evaluation of learning and memory capabilities in GIT1-deficient mice.
  • Assessment of synaptic structural plasticity in the brains of GIT1-deficient mice.

Main Results:

  • GIT1-deficient mice did not exhibit hyperactivity or amphetamine-induced locomotor suppression, challenging the proposed ADHD model.
  • Significant deficits in learning and memory were observed in GIT1-deficient mice.
  • Reduced synaptic structural plasticity was found in GIT1-deficient mice, correlating with intellectual disability phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Loss of GIT1 alone is insufficient to induce a robust ADHD phenotype in mice.
  • The primary phenotype associated with GIT1 deficiency appears to be intellectual disability, linked to altered synaptic structural plasticity.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex role of GIT1 in brain function.