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Assessment of IL-31 levels and disease severity in children with atopic dermatitis
D Ozceker1, M Bulut2, A Celik Ozbay3
1Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Okmeydanı Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Interleukin-31 (IL-31) levels are significantly elevated in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) compared to healthy controls. However, IL-31 levels did not correlate with the severity of atopic dermatitis as measured by the SCORAD index.
Area of Science:
- Immunodermatology
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Allergy and Immunology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition in children, characterized by intense pruritus.
- Pruritus is a hallmark symptom of AD, significantly impacting patient quality of life, yet its precise etiology and effective treatments remain elusive.
- Current antihistamine therapies often show limited efficacy in managing AD-induced itching.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between Interleukin-31 (IL-31) levels and the severity of atopic dermatitis in pediatric patients.
- To compare IL-31 levels in children with AD against a healthy control group.
- To assess the relationship between IL-31 levels and the Severity SCORing of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 135 children, including 70 with AD and 65 healthy controls, was studied.
- Demographic data, serum eosinophil counts, total IgE, IgM, IgA, IgG levels, and skin prick test results were collected.
- Disease severity was evaluated using the SCORAD index, and IL-31 levels were quantified via ELISA.
Main Results:
- IL-31 levels were found to be significantly higher in children with atopic dermatitis compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.0001).
- No statistically significant difference in IL-31 levels was observed among the three subgroups categorized by SCORAD severity scores (p = 0.27).
Conclusions:
- Children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis exhibit significantly elevated levels of IL-31 compared to their healthy counterparts.
- Despite the elevated levels in AD patients, IL-31 concentration was found to be independent of the disease severity as assessed by the SCORAD index.
Introduction And Objectives:
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing, highly pruritic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by typical localization with increasing prevalence of 10-20% in children. Pruritus is one of the major diagnostic criteria of atopic dermatitis and also the main complaint altering quality-of-life of affected patients, inducing and aggravating inflammation. Although pruritus is the absolute symptom of AD, the etiology has not been fully explained yet and current antihistamine therapies are ineffective. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between IL-31 level and disease severity in patients with atopic dermatitis through Severity SCORing of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index and the degree of itching assessed subjectively.
Material And Methods:
One hundred thirty-five children were enrolled in the study in total, 70 children with diagnosis of atopic dermatitis and 65 healthy children in control group. Data on demographic features (age, gender, family history of atopy) and laboratory values of serum eosinophil, total IgE, IgM, IgA, IgG levels and skin prick test results were collected through patient files. The disease severity was assessed by SCORAD index. IL-31 levels were measured with human IL-31 ELISA kit.
Results:
The statistical analysis showed that IL-31 level was significantly higher in AD patients than in the control group (AD vs CG, p 0.0001). There was no significant difference in IL-31 levels between the three subgroups divided according to the SCORAD severity score (p:0.27).
Conclusion:
IL-31 levels were significantly higher in AD patients compared to control group but irrelevant to the disease severity.
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