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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Approach to pancytopenia: Diagnostic algorithm for clinical hematologists.

Jerome Gnanaraj1, Aric Parnes2, Charles W Francis3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Blood Reviews
|March 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pancytopenia evaluation is complex due to diverse causes. This systematic review proposes a management algorithm to guide clinicians in the genomic era.

Keywords:
Aplastic anemiaHLHMegaloblastic anemiaNGSPNHPancytopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Genomics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Pancytopenia is a common clinical finding with a broad differential diagnosis.
  • Etiologies include drugs, autoimmune diseases, malignancies, infections, hemophagocytosis, and inherited conditions.
  • Accurate diagnosis can be challenging, necessitating a structured approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on pancytopenia management.
  • To develop a diagnostic and management algorithm for pancytopenia.
  • To provide a consultative framework for clinicians in the era of advanced diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of diagnostic and management strategies for pancytopenia.
  • Development of a clinical algorithm based on evidence.

Main Results:

  • Genomic profiling and next-generation sequencing offer new insights into hematological conditions.
  • Current management approaches for pancytopenia are not standardized.
  • A comprehensive algorithm can aid in timely and accurate diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • A structured, evidence-based algorithm is needed for managing pancytopenia.
  • Genomic advancements can improve diagnostic efficiency.
  • This review provides a consultative approach to optimize patient care for pancytopenia.