Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Deuterium Incorporation in a Single Bacterium
12:08

Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Deuterium Incorporation in a Single Bacterium

Published on: February 14, 2022

3.4K

Antimicrobial susceptibility of common pathogens isolated from postoperative intra-abdominal infections in Japan

Yoshio Takesue1, Shinya Kusachi2, Hiroshige Mikamo3

  • 1The Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Disease (JAID) and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy
|March 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Empirical antibiotic therapy for intra-abdominal infections (IAI) requires coverage of key pathogens. This study assessed antimicrobial susceptibility, guiding optimal treatment choices for postoperative IAI patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) necessitate empirical antibiotic therapy targeting common pathogens like Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides fragilis.
  • Hospital-associated IAI require additional coverage for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from postoperative intra-abdominal infections.
  • To inform empirical antibiotic therapy recommendations for IAI based on current pathogen resistance profiles.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide survey collected 504 isolates from postoperative IAI across 26 institutions.
  • Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility at a central laboratory.

Main Results:

  • Escherichia coli showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and cefepime, with 24.1% producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, and tigecycline demonstrated high activity against E. coli, including ESBL producers.
  • Enterobacter cloacae had low susceptibility to ceftazidime but retained susceptibility to cefepime. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited high susceptibility to most agents except imipenem.
  • Bacteroides fragilis group species showed low susceptibility to cefoxitin, moxifloxacin, and clindamycin, but high susceptibility to piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, and metronidazole. Enterococcus faecalis was susceptible to ampicillin, piperacillin, glycopeptides, and imipenem.

Conclusions:

  • Antimicrobial selection for empirical IAI therapy should target prevalent organisms, considering resistance patterns.
  • Piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, or doripenem are suitable for critically ill patients.
  • Combination therapies involving cefepime or cephamycins/oxacephem with other agents offer potential treatment options, with aztreonam as an alternative for beta-lactam allergic patients.
Keywords:
Antibiotic susceptibilityBacteroides fragilis group speciesExtended-spectrum β-lactamaseIntra-abdominal infectionPostoperative infectionSurveillance

More Related Videos

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex for First and Second Line Drugs by Broth Dilution in a Microtiter Plate Format12:39

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex for First and Second Line Drugs by Broth Dilution in a Microtiter Plate Format

Published on: June 24, 2011

38.9K
PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP06:36

PRP as a New Approach to Prevent Infection: Preparation and In vitro Antimicrobial Properties of PRP

Published on: April 9, 2013

22.2K

Related Concept Videos

Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
47.1K
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
1.0K
Abdominal Aorta01:25

Abdominal Aorta

Once the aorta traverses the diaphragmatic plane at the aortic hiatus, it is known as the abdominal aorta. This anatomical structure is positioned leftward of the spinal column, encased within a cocoon of adipose tissue behind the peritoneal cavity. It terminates at the L4 vertebra, where it splits into the common iliac arteries. Prior to this bifurcation, the abdominal aorta gives rise to several vital branches.
The celiac trunk, a singular artery, divides into the left gastric artery, which...
2.5K
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
2.4K
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
14.5K
Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant01:26

Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant

When placed in an external electric field, a dielectric material gets polarized. The charge density in the dielectric material is given by the sum of the bound and free charge densities, while the total charge density can also be written in terms of the total electric field. The bound charge density can be measured in terms of polarization, leading to the relationship between electric displacement and polarization.
3.0K