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[Hepatitis B screening in pregnancy].

E Vytiska-Binstorfer, C Schatten, J C Huber

Zeitschrift Fur Geburtshilfe Und Perinatologie

|March 1, 1987

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Hepatitis B screening in pregnant patients revealed low but significant rates of infection. Routine screening is suggested due to potential risks to infants and mothers, even with negative antigens.

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Infectious Diseases
Hepatitis B Virology

Background:

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses risks during pregnancy, including vertical transmission and potential adverse outcomes for both mother and infant.
Understanding the prevalence of HBV infection markers in pregnant populations is crucial for public health strategies.
Previous screening guidelines focused on high-risk groups, necessitating evaluation for broader application.

Observation:

A study screened 167 maternity patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation for Hepatitis B.
Prevalence rates included 1.8% positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 11.4% for anti-HBsAg, 1.2% for anti-Hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg), and 0.6% for Hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg).

Findings:

The presence of Hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) is associated with a higher infant attack rate.

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Even without HBeAg or with anti-HBeAg, HBV infection can lead to severe maternal outcomes.

Chronic exposure poses a risk of infection acquisition for carriers.

Implications:

The findings support the consideration of routine Hepatitis B screening for all pregnant patients, not exclusively high-risk individuals.
Early detection and management of Hepatitis B in pregnancy can mitigate risks of transmission and severe outcomes.
Implementing universal screening may improve maternal and infant health outcomes related to Hepatitis B.