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Related Concept Videos

Nursing Implementation01:15

Nursing Implementation

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Implementation is the execution of the nursing care plan developed during the planning phase.
The five steps to implementing effective nursing care include reassessing the patient, reviewing and revising the existing nursing care plan, organizing the resources and care delivery, anticipating and preventing complications, and implementing nursing interventions.
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Several factors are considered while creating a patient's care plan. Motivation is a factor in improving communication, and patients often require encouragement to try different approaches involving significant change. It is essential to involve the patient and family in decisions about the plan of care to determine whether the suggested methods are acceptable. Consider meeting critical comfort and safety needs before introducing new communication methods and techniques. Allow adequate time...
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Planning for learning involves the development of a teaching plan. Teaching plans are similar to nursing care plans—both follow the steps of the nursing process. Planning in the teaching process involves setting goals and outcomes. Here, goals identify what a patient needs to achieve to understand a healthcare topic better, whereas the outcomes are the action to be performed by the patient to achieve the goal within a timeframe. For example, if the goal is to educate the patient about...
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Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
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Amides are synthesized by treating carboxylic acids with amines in the presence of dehydrating agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Isolation, Culture and Long-Term Maintenance of Primary Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons From Embryonic Rodent Brains
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An Easy-to-Implement Protocol for Preparing Postnatal Ventral Mesencephalic Cultures.

Janin Lautenschläger1, Eugene V Mosharov2,3, Ellen Kanter2,3

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|March 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a simple protocol for culturing postnatal ventral midbrain neurons from the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area, yielding higher TH-positive cells for Parkinson's disease research.

Keywords:
Parkinson’s diseasedopaminergic neuronspostnatal neuron culturespostnatal neuronsprotocolsubstantia nigraventral mesencephalic neuronsventral tegmental area

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Postnatal ventral mesencephalic cultures offer advantages over embryonic cultures, including higher tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cell content.
  • These cultures are crucial for studying Parkinson's disease due to the vulnerability of substantia nigra neurons.
  • However, consistent production of postnatal cultures remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an easy-to-implement protocol for culturing postnatal ventral mesencephalic neurons.
  • To enable derivation of cells from the substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area (VTA).
  • To offer a cost-effective method using readily available lab equipment and materials.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized postnatal ventral mesencephalic tissue.
  • Employed an optimized protease digestion and tissue storage in Hibernate A.
  • Purified neurons using an OptiPrep density gradient.
  • Cultured cells on cortex glia feeder layers.

Main Results:

  • Developed a protocol completed in approximately 5 hours.
  • Successfully generated ventral midbrain neuron cultures.
  • Achieved cultures with a higher content of TH-positive cells compared to embryonic cultures.
  • Enabled derivation of neurons from the substantia nigra (SN).

Conclusions:

  • The protocol is easy to implement and cost-effective for generating postnatal ventral mesencephalic neuron cultures.
  • This method facilitates research into Parkinson's disease by providing a consistent source of vulnerable neurons.
  • The protocol yields cultures rich in TH-positive cells, suitable for studying neurodegenerative mechanisms.