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Updated: Feb 13, 2026
Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
Published on: October 25, 2018
The enhanced antitumor-specific immune response with mannose- and CpG-ODN-coated liposomes delivering TRP2 peptide
Chunhui Lai1, Siliang Duan1, Fang Ye1,2
1International Nanobody Research Center of Guangxi, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
Purpose:
Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines is a newly emerging and potent form of immune therapy. As for any new technology, there are still considerable challenges that need to be addressed. Here, we investigate the antitumor potential of a novel liposomal vaccine, M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo.
Methods:
We developed a vaccination strategy by assembling the DC-targeting mannose and immune adjuvant CpG-ODN on the surface of liposomes, which were loaded with melanoma-specific TRP2180-188 peptide as liposomal vaccine. M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo treatment was used to intendedly induce activation of DCs and antitumor- specific immune response in vivo.
Results:
Our results demonstrated in vitro that the prepared liposomal particles were efficiently taken up by DCs. This uptake led to an enhanced activation of DCs, as measured by the upregulation of MHC II, CD80, and CD86. Furthermore, M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo effectively inhibited the growth of implanted B16 melanoma and prolonged the survival of mice. This therapy significantly reduced the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells, while simultaneously increasing the number of activated T cells, tumor antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, and interferon-γ-producing cells. At the same time, it was found to suppress tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, as well as up-regulate their apoptosis. Interestingly, MyD88-knockout mice had significantly shorter median survival times compared to wild-type mice following the administration of M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo.
Conclusions:
The results suggested that the antitumor activities of the vaccine partially rely on the Myd88 signaling pathway. Interestingly, compared to whole tumor cell lysate-based vaccine, M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo, tumor specific antigen peptide-based vaccine, improved survival of tumor-bearing mice as well as enhanced their antitumor responses. All in all, we describe a novel vaccine formulation, M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo, with the aim of improving antitumor responses by alleviating the immunosuppressive environment in tumors.
Insights
This study introduces M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo, a novel dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine. The liposomal vaccine effectively inhibits melanoma growth and enhances antitumor immunity by modulating the tumor microenvironment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines represent a promising immunotherapy.
- Challenges remain in optimizing DC vaccine efficacy and delivery.
- Novel strategies are needed to enhance antitumor immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antitumor potential of a novel liposomal vaccine, M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo.
- To evaluate the vaccine's ability to induce DC activation and antitumor immunity.
- To explore the role of the Myd88 signaling pathway in vaccine efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Developed a liposomal vaccine (M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo) with DC-targeting mannose, CpG-ODN adjuvant, and melanoma-specific TRP2 peptide.
- Assessed in vitro DC uptake and activation markers (MHC II, CD80, CD86).
- Evaluated in vivo antitumor efficacy in a B16 melanoma mouse model, including survival, immune cell populations, and tumor characteristics.
Main Results:
- Liposomal vaccine demonstrated efficient DC uptake and enhanced DC activation in vitro.
- M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo significantly inhibited melanoma growth and prolonged mouse survival.
- Therapy reduced immunosuppressive cells (MDSCs, Tregs) and increased effector T cells and IFN-γ production.
- Tumor angiogenesis and proliferation were suppressed, while apoptosis was upregulated.
- Myd88-knockout mice showed reduced survival, indicating pathway involvement.
Conclusions:
- The novel liposomal vaccine M/CpG-ODN-TRP2-Lipo exhibits significant antitumor activity.
- Antitumor effects are partially mediated by the Myd88 signaling pathway.
- This peptide-based liposomal vaccine enhances antitumor responses and survival compared to whole tumor cell lysate vaccines.
- The formulation effectively alleviates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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