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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

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Research progress of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Chao Wei1, Yucong Zhang1, Gaurab Pokhrel1

  • 1Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiafang Avenue, Qiaokou, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.

International Urology and Nephrology
|March 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains the gold standard for large kidney stones. This review details advancements in PCNL procedures, covering the entire treatment pathway for improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Literature reviewPercutaneous nephrolithotomyResearch progress

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the established gold standard for treating large kidney stones (>2 cm).
  • Technological advancements and evolving concepts have significantly improved PCNL over nearly four decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research progress, recent advancements, and key areas in the complete percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) process.
  • To synthesize existing literature on various aspects of PCNL, from anesthesia to post-operative evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of research on percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
  • Synthesis of findings related to all stages of the PCNL procedure.

Main Results:

  • PCNL has seen substantial progress over 40 years due to technological and conceptual updates.
  • Key aspects reviewed include anesthesia, patient positioning, puncture techniques, dilation methods, lithotripsy approaches, perfusate choice, tube placement, hospitalization duration, pharmacotherapy, residual stone management, prognosis assessment, and operational evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing advancements continue to refine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) as a leading treatment for large kidney stones.
  • A comprehensive understanding of the entire PCNL process is crucial for optimizing patient care and surgical outcomes.